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Show QTc formulas
All formulas assume QT and QRS in milliseconds and RR in seconds.
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Bazett (Bazett 1920)
QTc = QT / √RR -
Fridericia (Fridericia 1920)
QTc = QT / RR1/3 -
Framingham (Sagie et al. 1992)
QTc = QT + 154 × (1 − RR) -
Hodges (Hodges et al. 1983)
QTc = QT + 1.75 × [(60 / RR) − 60] -
Rautaharju (HR-based, narrow QRS)
QTc = QT × (120 + HR) / 180 -
Bogossian method (wide QRS)
QTm = QT − 0.5 × QRS
QTcFridericia = QTm / RR1/3 -
Rautaharju wide-QRS (QT8)
QTc = QT − 155 × (60 / HR − 1) − 0.93 × (QRS − 139) + k
k = −22 ms (men), k = −34 ms (women)
Show references
- Bazett HC. An analysis of the time-relations of electrocardiograms. Heart. 1920;7:353–70.
- Fridericia LS. Die Systolendauer im Elektrokardiogramm bei normalen Menschen und bei Herzkranken. Acta Med Scand. 1920;53:469–486. (Translated reprint: Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 2003;8(4):343–51.)
- Sagie A, Larson MG, Goldberg RJ, Bengtson JR, Levy D. An improved method for adjusting the QT interval for heart rate (the Framingham Heart Study). Am J Cardiol. 1992;70(7):797–801.
- Hodges MS, Salerno D, Erlinen D. Bazett's QT correction reviewed: evidence that a linear QT correction for heart rate is better. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1983;1:694.
- Rautaharju PM, Mason JW, Akiyama T. New age- and sex-specific criteria for QT prolongation based on rate correction formulas that minimize bias at the upper normal limits. Int J Cardiol. 2014;174:535–40.
- Rautaharju PM, Zhang ZM. Linearly scaled, rate-invariant normal limits for QT interval: eight decades of incorrect application of power functions. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2002;13:1211–1218.
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